CentOS7.9单机安装Oracle Database 19c数据库

1、安装ORACLE先决条件的软件包

yum install -y bc
yum install -y compat-libcap1*
yum install -y compat-libcap*
yum install -y binutils 
yum install -y compat-libstdc++-33 
yum install -y elfutils-libelf 
yum install -y elfutils-libelf-devel 
yum install -y gcc 
yum install -y gcc-c++ 
yum install -y glibc-2.5 
yum install -y glibc-common 
yum install -y glibc-devel 
yum install -y glibc-headers 
yum install -y ksh libaio 
yum install -y libaio-devel 
yum install -y libgcc 
yum install -y libstdc++ 
yum install -y libstdc++-devel 
yum install -y make 
yum install -y sysstat 
yum install -y unixODBC 
yum install -y unixODBC-devel
yum install -y binutils*
yum install -y compat-libstdc*
yum install -y elfutils-libelf*
yum install -y gcc*
yum install -y glibc*
yum install -y ksh*
yum install -y libaio*
yum install -y libgcc*
yum install -y libstdc*
yum install -y make*
yum install -y sysstat*
yum install -y libXp*
yum install -y glibc-kernheaders
yum install -y net-tools-*

2、修改LINUX的内核文件

vi /etc/sysctl.conf

kernel.shmmax = 17179869183		#物理内存*1024*1024*1024-1
kernel.shmmni = 4096		#最小共享内存，一般是固定值
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
fs.file-max = 6815744				#文件句柄数，一次可以打开文件的个数
kernel.shmall = 4194304			#物理内存*1024*1024*1024/4096，表示内存大小（单位：页=4K）
net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 6000
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
#net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 0
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
#net.core.somaxconn = 262144
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 262144
net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 262144
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 262144
net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2
net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 30
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_probes = 6
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_intvl = 5
net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 2
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 2

sysctl -p

3、创建文件目录、用户、用户组

groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
groupadd oper
useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle
mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db_1

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01

passwd oracle		#修改oracle用户密码

4、安装软件包、修改数据库安装文件属性

# 安装软件包
yum install epel-release #先安装epel存储库软件包
yum install rlwrap
yum install compat-libstdc++-33

# 修改数据库安装文件属性
chown -R oracle:oinstall LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip

# 移动数据库安装文件
mv /root/LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db_1/

5、配置ORACLE用户环境变量

su - oracle

vi .bash_profile

export EDITOR=vi
export TMP=/tmp  
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/19.3.0/db_1
export INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export NLS_LANG="AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8"
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS"
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin:$PATH:$HOME/bin
umask 022
alias sqlplus='rlwrap sqlplus'
alias rman='rlwrap rman'

source .bash_profile

6、使用oracle用户解压安装包

cd $ORACLE_HOME
unzip LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip

7、安装数据库软件

cd $ORACLE_HOME
./runInstaller

# 这一步提示缺少什么依赖就安装对应依赖包
yum install smartmontools

# Swap Size这里提示建议16G，实际系统只有8G，扩容到建议大小点击Check Again就可以了

8、配置监听：oracle用户运行netca，一直下一步

9、运行lsnrctl status查看侦听器状态

10、运行dbca命令创建数据库

11、设置数据库开机自启动

vi /etc/oratab
orcl:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db_1:N
------->改为
orcl:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db_1:Y

12、设置侦听器开机自启动

----使用root，Oracle没有权限
 
vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local
----添加两行命令
su - oracle -c 'lsnrctl start'
su - oracle -c 'dbstart'
 
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local